Glass fibers can be divided into continuous fibers, fixed length fibers, and glass wool according to their morphology and length; According to glass composition, it can be divided into alkali free, chemical resistant, high alkali, medium alkali, high strength, high elastic modulus, and alkali resistant (alkali resistant) glass fibers.

The main raw materials for producing glass fiber are quartz sand, alumina and pyrophyllite, limestone, dolomite, boric acid, soda ash, mirabilite, fluorite, etc. There are roughly two types of production methods: one is to directly make fibers from molten glass; One type is to first make molten glass into a glass ball or rod with a diameter of 20mm, and then heat and remelt it in various ways to produce a diameter of 3-80 μ Very fine fibers of m. Infinite fibers drawn through mechanical drawing of platinum alloy plates are called continuous glass fibers, commonly known as long fibers. Non continuous fibers made through rollers or airflow are called fixed length glass fibers, commonly known as short fibers.

Glass fibers are classified into different levels based on their composition, properties, and uses. According to the standard level regulations, E-grade glass fiber is widely used and widely used in electrical insulation materials; S-grade is a special fiber.

E-glass

Also known as alkali free glass, it is a type of borosilicate glass. Up to now, it is a widely used glass fiber with good electrical insulation and mechanical properties. It is widely used in the production of glass fibers for electrical insulation and also in the production of glass fibers for fiberglass. Its disadvantage is that it is easily corroded by inorganic acids, so it is not suitable for use in acidic environments.

C-glass

Also known as medium alkali glass, its characteristic is that its chemical resistance, especially acid resistance, is better than that of alkali free glass, but its electrical performance is poor, and its mechanical strength is 10% to 20% lower than that of alkali free glass fiber. Generally, foreign medium alkali glass fibers contain a certain amount of boron trioxide, while Chinese medium alkali glass fibers do not contain boron at all. In foreign countries, medium alkali glass fiber is only used to produce corrosion-resistant glass fiber products, such as glass fiber surface felt, and also to enhance asphalt roofing materials. However, in China, medium alkali glass fiber accounts for more than half (60%) of the production of glass fiber, and is widely used for the reinforcement of fiberglass and the production of filter fabrics, wrapping fabrics, etc. It has strong competitiveness because its price is lower than that of non alkali glass fiber.

High strength glass fiber

Its characteristic is high strength and high modulus. Its single fiber tensile strength is 2800MPa, which is about 25% higher than the tensile strength of alkali free glass fiber. Its elastic modulus is 86000MPa, which is higher than the strength of E-glass fiber. The fiberglass products produced with them are mostly used in military, space, bulletproof armor, and sports equipment. However, due to high prices, it cannot be promoted in civilian use, and the world's production is only about a few thousand tons.

AR glass fiber

Also known as alkali resistant glass fiber, alkali resistant glass fiber is a ribbed material for glass fiber reinforced (cement) concrete (GRC). It is an inorganic fiber and an ideal substitute for steel and asbestos in non load-bearing cement components. The characteristic of alkali resistant glass fiber is its good alkali resistance, which can effectively resist the erosion of high alkali substances in cement, strong gripping force, extremely high elastic modulus, impact resistance, tensile and bending strength, strong non combustible, frost resistance, temperature and humidity resistance, excellent crack and permeability resistance, strong designability, and easy forming, Alkali resistant glass fiber is a new type of green and environmentally friendly reinforcement material widely used in high-performance reinforced (cement) concrete.

A glass

Also known as high alkali glass, it is a typical type of sodium silicate glass that is rarely used in the production of glass fibers due to its poor water resistance.

E-CR glass

It is an improved boron free and alkali free glass used for producing glass fibers with good acid and water resistance. Its water resistance is 7-8 times better than that of alkali free glass fibers, and its acid resistance is also much better than that of medium alkali glass fibers. It is a new variety specially developed for underground pipelines, storage tanks, etc.

D glass

Also known as low dielectric glass, it is used to produce low dielectric glass fibers with good dielectric strength.

In addition to the above glass fiber components, there is now a new type of alkali free glass fiber that is completely boron free, thereby reducing environmental pollution. However, its electrical insulation and mechanical properties are similar to traditional E-glass. In addition, there is a type of double glass fiber that has been used in the production of glass wool, and it is said to have potential in making fiberglass reinforcement materials. In addition, there is fluorine free glass fiber, which is an improved alkali free glass fiber developed for environmental protection requirements.

Identify high alkali glass fibers

The simple method for inspection is to boil the fibers in boiling water for 6-7 hours. If it is a high alkali fiberglass, after boiling in water, all the fibers in the warp and weft directions become loose. According to different standards, there are many classification methods for glass fibers, which are generally divided from two perspectives: length and diameter, composition, and performance.